MODULE 3 ADVANCED WORKSITE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
1. Module Details
1.1 Module name ADVANCED WORKSITE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
1.2 Nominal duration 10 hours 
1.3 Module codes N/A
1.4 Discipline code N/A 

2. Module Purpose To provide participants with:
1 . A detailed knowledge of the theoretical and practical principles and requirements contained in the MRWA Traffic Management for Road works Code of Practice and AS 1742.3 (1996.)
2. A demonstrable understanding of the theoretical basis for sign and device placement and spacings.
3. A practical understanding of the factors that must be considered when selecting an appropriate traffic management scheme.
4. An ability to describe the needs of pedestrians including people with disabilities, children and the elderly at roadwork sites and the strategies used to ensure pedestrian access at worksites.
5. An ability to select an appropriate Worksite Traffic Management scheme from the Code of Practice after consideration of all aspects of the job.
6. A detailed understanding of the Regulations and requirements applicable to traffic control at a worksite.
7. An ability to list types of standard, non-standard and special-use signs and devices and detail their areas of application.
8. A demonstrable understanding of the theoretical and practical design characteristics applicable to signs and devices.
9. An ability to determine where signs should be placed to be most effective.
10. An ability to describe the three (3) ways in which traffic can be conducted through a worksite.
11. A practical knowledge of the terms and terminology commonly associated with traffic management.
12. A practical understanding of work situations and road structure and conditions which affect traffic management.
13. A detailed knowledge of the factors requiring consideration when selecting an appropriate traffic management scheme for a major detour in an urban or rural area.
14. A practical understanding of the work methods and circumstances under which it may be necessary to modify and/or combine traffic management schemes.
15. A practical understanding of human physiological and psychological characteristics that may impact on traffic management schemes.
16. A detailed knowledge of vehicle types and characteristics.
17. A practical understanding of the provisions that must be made for different types of vehicles when planning worksite traffic management.
18. A practical understanding of the basic traffic engineering principles involved in preparing worksite traffic management schemes.
19. A practical understanding of the effect that site conditions, weather conditions, local and prevailing conditions may have on worksite traffic management.
20. An ability to identify and detail aspects of the various Acts and Regulations applicable to trafficked worksites in Western Australia.

3. Pre-requisites Course in Basic Worksite Traffic Management

4. Relationship to Competency Standards
1 Learning outcomes are consistent with those set by the relevant Australian Standards (AS 1742.3 (1996) Manual of uniform traffic control devices. Part 3: Traffic control devices for work on roads, various applicable Acts and Regulations); and by The Main Roads WA.

5. Content
Principles and requirements contained in the (AS 1742.31996).
The theoretical basis for sign and device placement and spacings; with particular attention to:
- Legend
- Sign sizes
- Sign spacing
- Tapers
- Placement of signs and devices
- Special signs and devices

The factors that must be considered when selecting an appropriate traffic management scheme, including:
- Job Planning
- Working Hours
- Closures, detours, separations
- Method variations
- Pedestrians

Selection of an appropriate Worksite Traffic Management scheme in accordance with Australian Standards and Field Guides after consideration of all aspects of the job.

Regulations and requirements applicable to traffic control at a worksite.

Types of standard, non-standard and special-use signs and devices and detail their areas of application.

The theoretical and practical design characteristics applicable to signs and devices.

Effective sign placement:
  The three (3) ways in which traff ic can be conducted through a worksite.
  Terms and terminology commonly associated with traffic management.
  Work situations, road structure and conditions that affect traffic management

Pedestrian pathways, barricades and signage.
  Selecting an appropriate traffic management scheme for a major detour in an urban or rural area.
  Modification and/or combination of traffic management schemes - how, when, where, and why it may be necessary.

Human physiological and psychological characteristics that may impact on traffic management scheines. These road user characteristics should include such areas as:
- Physiological capabilities
- Psychological characteristics
- Human impairments and disabilities
- Information needs
- Expectations
- Reaction times
- Performance and capabilities
- The Driving Task

Vehicle types and characteristics, including:
- Vehicle types
- Vehicle mass and dimensions
- Vehicle performance
- Vehicle limitations (day/night)
- Design standards and characteristics

Provisions that must be made for different types of vehicles when planning worksite traffic management.
Basic traffic engineering principles involved in preparing worksite traffic management schemes, including:
- Stopping sight distance
- Road capacities
- Traffic counts
- Turn templates
- Road geometry
- Speed limits and restrictions
- Traffic signs and signals

Site conditions, weather conditions, local and prevailing conditions and their effect on worksite traff ic management, including:
- Demographic location
- Weather conditions
- Location of services
- Hazards - inherent and external

Aspects of the various Acts and Regulations applicable to trafficked worksites in Western Australia. Such Acts, etc. include:
- OSH Act and Regulations
- Road Traff ic Act and Code
- Disability Services Act.

6. Assessment Strategy
6.1 Assessment Method:
Written and practical tests of objectives. 
Assessment will occur at intervals durin this module.
Structured and unstructured oral assessment.
Satisfactory participation in discussion exercises

6.2 Conditions of Assessment:
A suitable Instruction room / Work area 
All necessary resources and publications, including Codes of Practice, Regs, etc.
All necessary materials and equipment.

7. Learning Outcome Details
Assessment
  1. List and discuss the theoretical and practical Criteyia principles/requirements of (AS 1742.3- 1996).
  2. Identify and discuss the theoretical basis for sign and device placement and spacings.
  3. Correctly differentiate between symbolic legends and text type legends.
  4. Identify and discuss:
      (a) The approximate relationship between letter heights and legibility as a function of distance.
      (b) The approximate formula for the time taken to read a text sign under optimum specified conditions.
  5. Identify the purpose of different sign sizes and shapes and the means by which they are made to stand out against a variety of backgrounds.
  6. Correctly estimate approximate travel times between successive displayed signs and the estimated maximum travel times from a sign to its reference point.
  7. Identify the two types of tapers and the approximate maximum rates of lateral shift for each type.
  8. Identify the criteria for eff ective sign placement.
  9. Identify the characteristics and advantages of the following special devices:
      (a) Variable Message Signs
      (b) Radar Active Signs
      (c) Flashing Fibre Optic Signs
      (d) Portable Traffic Signals
  10. Identify and list types of standard, non-standard and special-use signs and devices and detail their
  11. Identify and list the considerations for pedestrian access related to pathways, pedestrian barricades and pedestrian signage.
  12. Identify and apply the theoretical and practical design characteristics applicable to signs and devices.

Assessment Criteria
  1. List the factors which must be considered when  selecting an appropriate traffic management scheme.
  2. Select an appropriate Worksite Traff ic Management scheme from the Australian Standards Field Guides after consideration of all aspects of the job.
  3. Describe the three (3) ways in which traffic can be conducted through a worksite.
  4. List and apply the terms and terminology commonly associated with traffic management.
  5. Identify and discuss work situations and road structure and conditions that affect traffic management.
  6. Identify the factors requiring consideration when selecting an appropriate traff ic management scheme for a major detour in an urban or rural area.
  7. List and discuss the factors requiring consideration when selecting an appropriate pedestrian access strategy to meet the needs of people with disabilities, children and the elderly.
  8. Identify and apply the management scheme variations that may be required on a major urban arterial road (where a detour is not possible) to allow work to proceed with minimum disruption to traff ic.
  9. Identify and discuss the effect that various types of machinery and equipment may have on traffic management.
      Discuss alternative equipment, which may be used to minimise disruption.
      Such machinery and equipment may include:
        - Backhoes,
        - Skid steer loaders and Excavators
        - Tip trucks,
        - Low loaders
        - Suction and rotary (brush) sweepers
        - Graders and Scrapers
        - Mobile Asphalt Pavers
  10. Identify and discuss the effect that various work methods may have on traffic management.
      Discuss alternative methods that may be used to minimise disruption.
      Such methods may include:
        - Open trenching/ Covered trenching
        - Half-width work
        - Temporary backfilling of excavations
        - Providing alternative access
        - Closing the kerb side lane
        - Crushed rock pavement for temporary access

Assessment Criteria
1 . Identify and discuss human physiological and psychological characteristics that may impact on traffic management schemes.
2. Identify the three (3) major human physiological characteristics.
    Discuss the relationship between these characteristics and driving ability.
3. Identify the four (4) major human psychological characteristics. Discuss the relationship between these characteristics and driving ability.
4. Identify the five (5) main impairments people may have and their impact on the driving task.
5. Correctly define the driving task in simple point form.
6. Identify and discuss the five (5) major areas of information needed by drivers at worksites.
7. Discuss the role "Expectancy" plays in a driver's ability to drive through a worksite.
8. List and discuss the four (4) factors affecting human reaction times.
9. Discuss the effects of stress and demand on human performance and ability.

Assessment Criteria
1 . Identify and discuss vehicle types and  characteristics.
2. Identify the provisions that must be made for different types of vehicles when planning worksite traffic management.
3. Correctly list the six (6) vehicle types commonly encountered on worksites. Discuss road conditions that would be favourable to/or adverse for these vehicles.
4. Identify and discuss the special requirements of vehicles such as buses, semi trailers, wide/highload trucks, etc. and detail means by which these requirements may be met on a worksite.
5. Identify the signage requirements for different vehicles on sites.
6. Identify the means by which provision can be made for emergency service vehicle access through a worksite.

Assessment Ctiteria
1. List and apply basic traffic engineering principles involved in preparing worksite traffic management schemes.
2. Correctly estimate "stopping sight distances" and identify the two points between which they are measured.
3. Correctly estimate the lane capacity of various roads.
4. Correctly estimate the traffic volume ratios for various roads/times/conditions.
5. Correctly estimate the commercial vehicle content of total traffic volumes for a range of times/situations.
6. Correctly list the minimum lane widths for a range of rural and urban roads and worksites.
7. Correctly estimate the swept path and turning radius of various vehicles for a range of specified speeds and conditions.
8. Differentiate between operating speed and posted speed.
9. Identify and discuss speed limits and design speeds of urban and rural roads. roadway capacity.

Assessment Criteria
1. Define the effect that site conditions, weather  conditions, local and prevailing conditions may have on worksite traffic management.
2. Correctly identify the various conditions that can affect traffic operations in a worksite.
3. Discuss the ways in which direct sunlight/glare may be compensated for on a worksite.
4. Identify and discuss environmental differences between urban and rural worksites that can affect traffic operations.
5. Identify means of eliminating confusion between traffic signage and advertising signs in an urban working area.
6. Identify means of providing a conspicuous worksite in rural areas. Discuss methods of ensuring that proper warning is provided to road users.
7. Identify problems associated with various weather conditions and detail actions that may be taken to reduce these problems for traffic at an active worksite.
8. Correctly list the pedestrian access considerations for pathways, barricades and signage.
9. Identify climatic/site/environmental features that may change over the duration of a job and present a workplace hazard. Discuss means of reducing or eliminating these hazards.

Assessment Criteria
1 . Identify and detail aspects of the various Acts and Regulations applicable to trafficked worksites in Western Australia.
2. Correctly identify the Acts directly related to work on roads.
3. Correctly differentiate between an Act, a Regulation and a Code of Practice.
4. Identify and discuss sources of possible litigation under Common law.
5. Correctly identify the Act most relevant to worksite traff ic management and detail significant provisions within the Act.
6. List the Acts and Regulations that permit the erection of traffic control items on roads. Correctly determine which persons are permitted to erect traff ic control items on roads.
7. Correctly identify the Acts that give MAIN ROADS WA and Municipalities the legal authority to work on roads.
8. Determine which Acts/Regulations permit private persons and persons external to authorities to erect signs on roads.
9. Detail and discuss the reasons for conduction accident investigations.
10. Detail and list the important points of an Accident Prevention Plan.
11. Detail and discuss important considerations for pedestrians with particular attention to people with disabilities, children and the elderly.

8. Conditions and Methods of Assessment
See 6.1, 6.2 above and individual units of competence.

9. Delivery of Module
9.1 Delivery strategy
Training will occur off-the-job in training centres and at approved and suitably accredited venues.
Delivery methods used will include:
  - Direct teaching and demonstration
  - Small group work
  - Practical activities
  - Simulated workplace activities

9.2 Resource requirements
All necessary texts and printed resource material. 
  Suitable classroom facilities & instruction area
  All necessary training aids & resources, including materials, tools, equipment, plans, etc.

9.3 Occupational health and safety
All occupational health and safety requirements relevant to the delivery of this course will be observed.